Whether you’re an avid gardener or a beginner looking to grow fresh produce year-round, hoophouses can be a game-changer. These structures allow you to extend your growing season, protect your plants from adverse weather, and create an ideal microclimate—all without breaking the bank. For beginners, affordability and efficiency are key, and constructing your own DIY hoophouse is simpler than you might think.
What Are Hoophouses?
Definition and Purpose
Hoophouses, also known as high tunnels, are semi-circular structures constructed by bending pipe or tubing into an arch and covering it with plastic or another film. Their primary purpose is to shield plants from the cold, wind, and unexpected weather changes. They act as a protective barrier while allowing sunlight to pass through, warming the interior and providing a controlled environment for plants.
Hoophouses vs. Greenhouses
While hoophouses and greenhouses serve similar purposes, they’re not quite the same. Greenhouses are typically more permanent structures with heating and ventilation systems, whereas hoophouses are simpler, less expensive, and rely on natural ventilation. Hoophouses are perfect for beginners due to their low cost and ease of construction.
Planning Your Hoophouse
Before you start building, proper planning is crucial to ensure that your hoophouse meets your gardening goals and fits your space.
Choosing the Right Location
Select a flat, sunny spot with good drainage to place your hoophouse. Aim for a location that gets at least 6–8 hours of sunlight daily, as light is essential for plant growth. Avoid areas where water tends to pool or that are prone to heavy winds.
Determining the Ideal Size
The size of your hoophouse depends on your space, budget, and gardening needs. If you’re only growing a small amount of produce, a 6×8-foot structure may suffice. For larger gardens, consider a 12×20-foot or even bigger hoophouse. Keep in mind that larger hoophouses, like the Gothic Greenhouse in Colorado, may require sturdier materials to maintain stability.
Materials Needed
Constructing a hoophouse doesn’t mean spending a fortune. Here’s a list of affordable and durable materials for your project.
Frame Options
- PVC Pipes: Lightweight, affordable, and easy to bend into shape. Ideal for smaller structures.
- Metal Conduit Pipes: More durable than PVC and suitable for larger or more permanent setups.
Cover Materials
- Plastic Sheeting (Greenhouse Film): UV-resistant plastic that’s cost-effective and widely available.
- Recycled Plastic: Look for secondhand options to save costs and reduce waste.
Additional Supplies
- Stakes or anchors to secure the frame.
- Cord, zip ties, or clamps to hold the cover in place.
- Optional wooden baseboards for added stability (simple 2x4s work great).
Pro Tip: Buy your materials from local hardware stores or online marketplaces where you can often find lower prices or discounts.
Step-by-Step Construction
Now it’s time to build! Follow this straightforward guide to construct your hoophouse.
Building the Frame
- Mark the Area: Using stakes, mark out the dimensions of your hoophouse on the ground.
- Set the Anchor Points: Drive stakes or rebar into the ground where the frame will be secured.
- Bend the Pipes: Take your PVC or conduit pipes, bend them into an arch, and attach them to the anchor points. Space the pipes evenly across the length of the structure.
Covering Your Hoophouse
- Attach the Plastic: Drape the plastic sheeting over the structure, leaving enough to overlap the edges. Begin securing one side using clamps, zip ties, or cord.
- Secure the Edges: Use wooden baseboards or secure the plastic directly to the ground with heavy-duty stakes.
- Create an Entrance: Cut out a section of plastic to create a flap for easy access. Reinforce the edges to ensure durability.
Your structure is ready! Time to plant your seeds and nurture your garden.
Seasonal Considerations
Maintaining Your Hoophouse Year-Round
- Winter: Ensure the plastic covering is tightly secured to keep out cold air. On sunny days, ventilate occasionally to prevent overheating.
- Summer: Open the ends or sides of your hoophouse to maintain airflow and prevent plants from getting too hot. Consider using shade cloth if temperatures rise too high.
- Rainy Seasons: Ensure the area around your hoophouse drains well to avoid water pooling inside.
Extending the Growing Season
One of the greatest benefits of a hoophouse is the ability to grow earlier in spring and continue harvesting well into fall or even winter. Use additional row covers inside your hoophouse to insulate plants during colder months, giving you an even longer growing period.
Conclusion
DIY hoophouses offer an affordable and efficient way for beginners to start gardening year-round. They don’t require extensive experience or expensive materials, making them an accessible solution for anyone eager to grow their food or explore gardening as a hobby.